This is more metaphorical than practical advice, but you get the picture: Accelerate smoothly and brake softer and earlier, as though a raw egg were taped to the sole of your boot.
Coach Your Drivers to Better MPG
Fuel economy is probably not at the top of your list of priorities. You’re more concerned with running your business, taking care of your customers, and turning a profit. Trucks are part of this mission, but purchase price, reliability, cost of service and parts, and resale value are often viewed by small fleets as more important than your trucks’ miles per gallon.
Still, few things can go straight to your bottom line, or detract from it, more than variations in fuel economy. You assume your people know how to drive, and if they don’t have accidents, that’s good enough. Is it?
Drivers affect fuel economy more than all the advances in electronic controls, combustion design, air handling, and aerodynamics that go into modern trucks. Whether the fleet is composed of older trucks or near-new models, proper driving can make them deliver needed performance in their primary role of transportation and hauling as well as fuel economy.
Below are some driving and maintenance tips that your people ought to know and practice. The tips come from manufacturers who built the trucks you use and from driving instructors this writer has learned from over the years.
Find the time to share these with your employees, then follow through to see if they’re improving. If you really want improvements, post the results so they can see how they stack up against their coworkers. Share the money saved with your drivers.
Driver Tips
1. Drive smoothly
Do you really have to keep up with rat-racing traffic? Aggressive driving at any speed wastes fuel. At highway speeds, more fuel is consumed while repeatedly adjusting road speed. From a standstill, jackrabbit starts are foolish and expensive.
Instead, accelerate smoothly and brake softer and earlier, as though a raw egg were taped to the sole of your boot. Cruise at steady, moderate speeds and stay in one lane maintaining as constant a speed as you can. Not only does smooth driving save fuel, it also prolongs the life of the driveline, brakes, and tires — and lessens stress on you.
2. Slow down
Speeding wastes lots of fuel. Depending on how the truck is geared, fuel mileage usually decreases rapidly at speeds above 50 and 60 mph. Even if the latest multi-speed transmissions keep engine revs low at higher speeds, it still takes more power to move the vehicle and overcome wind resistance.
Yes, time is money, but if you can, leave earlier so you don’t have to race to get there on schedule. It’s also safer.
3. Remove excess weight
Carrying around an extra 100 pounds in the truck can reduce fuel mileage by up to 4%, manufacturers say. If it’s many hundreds of extra pounds, the cost is higher. In service trucks, how many of those tools, spare parts, nuts, bolts, and screws are really needed?
At the start of a work day, think about the jobs coming up and stock the truck accordingly.
4. Use cruise control
Activating cruise control helps save fuel in two ways: It keeps you from mindlessly driving at faster — and less fuel-efficient — speeds. It also keeps you from unintentionally slowing down then having to accelerate to regain the desired speed.
Adaptive cruise control will adjust speed according to the flow of traffic. Fuel-use gauges on modern trucks’ head units show how driving habits can raise or lower miles per gallon. Try to learn from them.
5. Avoid idling the engine
If the vehicle will be parked for a while and won’t be running an accessory with PTO, shut off the engine. Idling to keep the cab warm or cool in cold or very hot weather is understandable, but not if you’re going to be away from it for an extended time.
It takes only a few minutes to warm or cool a cab upon your return. And not idling avoids spewing exhaust fumes into the air. If you’re afraid the engine won’t restart, then get it fixed. Engines with start-stop systems will automatically reduce idling if you leave the ignition on; let it work.
6. Combine trips
Your engine is more efficient when it’s warmed up. Many short trips that start with a cool engine will use more fuel than a single, longer trip. If you can, schedule jobs as close to each other as possible, and do the job right so you don’t have to go back. You’ll run fewer miles and burn less fuel this way.
Maintenance Tips
1. Listen to your drivers
Listen to drivers’ complaints about their trucks and check into them. If there are problems, get them corrected. It will save both grief and money.
2. Keep engines tuned
Fixing an engine that is noticeably out of tune or has failed an emissions test can improve fuel mileage by an average of 4%, sometimes much more. It will also make the engine run smoother, which drivers will appreciate. They tend to be hard on trucks whose engines aren’t running right.
3. Keep tires properly inflated
Properly inflated tires are safer, handle better, last longer, and get better fuel economy. Low pressure causes heat that damages tires and can cause blowouts. Overinflated tires can cause uneven wear as well as ride and handling problems.
Recommended tire inflation pressure can be found on a truck’s certification decal, usually located in the driver’s door, door pillar, glove box, operator’s manual, or on the tires’ sidewalls.
4. Use the recommended oil grade
Following the manufacturer’s recommended grade of motor oil will keep your engine’s lubrication system as efficient as possible. Using the wrong grade of oil — either a higher or lower viscosity — can drop fuel economy by up to 2% and possibly damage the engine.
5. Use the correct octane
Gasoline engines operate most efficiently on the recommended fuel octane listed in the owner’s manual. For trucks, the standard is 87 octane regular unleaded. Using a higher octane might make you feel better, but it is more expensive and doesn’t improve fuel economy or engine performance.
However, where you fuel may affect performance: Buying fuel at a reputable outlet is safer than a no-name, cut-rate place, which might be selling inferior or contaminated fuel.
That’s also good advice for diesel engines: Buy good quality Number 2 diesel, and in very cold weather, avoid thinning it with Number 1 unless your engine maker allows it.
6. Tighten the fuel cap
Most gasoline systems need both fuel and fumes for the engine to work most efficiently. Make sure to tighten the fuel cap all the way after every fill up. Many modern vehicles will turn on the check engine light if they detect a bad seal at the fuel cap.
Diesel tank caps likewise need to be tight. In both cases, secure caps ensure proper operation, avoid escaping fumes, and enhance fire safety.
Tom Berg has been a truck writer for more than 40 years. He worked his way through college by driving trucks and got formal and informal instruction on safe and economical driving from pros in the business.
Source: https://www.businessfleet.com
I´m a Fleet Management expert, and the manager of Advanced Fleet Management Consulting, that provides Fleet Management Consultancy Services.
